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Schistosomiasis is a serious infectious disease that does severe harm to
people¡¯s physical health and life safety and hampers the economic development
and social progress in the epidemic areas. For many years, under the leadership
of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal People¡¯s Government, through
the efforts of related departments and the governments at all levels of the
original schistosomiasis-epidemic districts(namely the eight districts of
Minhang, Jiading, Baoshan, Nanhui, Fengxian, Songjiang, Jinshan and Qingpu, and
the Pudong New Area ), remarkable progress has been made in this Municipality¡¯s
work of preventing and curing schistosomiasis (hereinafter referred to
as¡°prevention of snail fever¡±). By the end of the year 2003, there had been no
more acute infection of internal-source schistosomiasis or positive oncomelania
for 29 successive years, no new patients or sick livestock for 25 successive
years in the whole Municipality, and the achievements of eliminating
schistosomiasis in the whole Municipality had been consolidated for 18
successive years. However, due to the fact that the environment of oncomelania
breeding is complicated and the marked difficulty in managing floating
population, there is still the possibility of the occurrence of schistosomiasis
in this Municipality.
With a view to strengthening the prevention and control of schistosomiasis in
this Municipality, and in the light of this Municipality¡¯s actual circumstances,
this planning is hereby formulated on the basis of the requirements of
the¡°Notice of the State Council about Further Strengthening the Prevention and
Cure of Schistosomiasis¡±(SC[2004]No.14) and the¡°Notice of the General Office of
the State Council about Transmitting the¡®Outline of the National
Medium-and-long-term Planning for Preventing and Controlling Schistosomiasis
(2004-2015)¡¯Made by the Ministry of Health and Other
Departments¡¯¡¯(SCGO[2004]No.59).
I. Guiding Thoughts
The important thought of¡°Three Represents¡±shall be looked on as the guide and
be adhered to, the important written instructions by general Party secretary Hu
Jintao about doing a good job of the prevention of snail fever and the¡°Notice of
the State Council about Further Strengthening the Prevention and Cure of
Schistosomiasis¡±shall be conscientiously carried out, the
prevention-of-snail-fever work policy of¡°focusing on prevention, seeking both a
temporary solution and a permanent effect, controlling in a comprehensive way,
mass prevention and mass control and making joint force in prevention and
control¡±shall be stuck to, and the scientific viewpoints of development shall be
set up, priority shall be given to the acceleration of the elimination of the
surviving oncomelania, timely discovering and effectively blocking the external
infection source, the health education shall be strengthened, the
self-prevention-and-protection awareness and capability of the broad masses
shall be raised, joint force in the prevention and control shall be practiced
among provinces and municipalities, the monitoring work mechanism for the
prevention of snail fever shall be perfected, the occurrence of internal-source
schistosomiasis shall be effectively controlled, and the physical health and
life safety of the masses shall be protected.
II. Targets
1. Overall target
From the year 2004 to the year 2015, there shall be no occurrence of new
epidemic situation of internal-source schistosomiasis in the whole Municipality,
and the achievements in eliminating schistosomiasis in the whole Municipality
shall be consolidated.
2. Specific targets:
(1) From the year 2004 to the year 2005,
The tasks and targets set in the¡°Tenth¡®Five-Year¡¯Plan of Shanghai
Municipality for Comprehensively Bringing Schistosomiasis under
Control¡¯¡±transmitted by the General Office of the Municipal People¡¯s Government
shall continue to be accomplished and realized, namely, there shall be no
occurrence of patients (sick cattle) newly-infected with internal-source
schistosomiasis nor schistosomiasis-infected oncomelanias; the
oncomelania-existing points found in the Ninth¡°Five-Year Plan¡±Period shall be
basically eliminated; and the new oncomelania-existing points found in the first
three years in the Tenth¡°Five-Year Plan¡±Period shall be basically eliminated.
(2) From the year 2006 to the year 2010, in other words, in the
Eleventh¡°Five-Year¡±Plan Period (hereinafter referred to as Eleventh¡°Five-Year¡±)
No occurrence of patients (sick cattle) newly-infected with internal-source
schistosomiasis shall continue to be ensured;
In conjunction with the projects of river courses and farmland irrigation and
water conservancy, the comprehensive control over the surviving oncomelania
breeding environment in key areas shall be basically completed.
(3) From the year 2011 to the year 2015, in other words, in the
Twelfth¡°Five-Year¡±Plan Period (hereinafter referred to as Twelfth¡°Five-Year¡±)
No occurrence of patients (sick cattle) newly-infected with internal-source
schistosomiasis shall continue to be ensured;
The distribution scope and area of surviving oncomelanias shall generally
tend to be on the decrease.
III. Tasks and requirements
1. The check and elimination of surviving oncomelania shall be sped up.
(1) Tasks
Efforts shall be made to realize two obvious cutdowns---an obvious cutdown in
the oncomelania-existing scope and an obvious cutdown in oncomelania-existing
area. The total amount of the scope and area of oncomelania-existing towns and
villages in the whole Municipality shall take that in the Tenth¡°Five-Year¡±Period
as the base, and the total amount in the Eleventh¡°Five-Year¡±Period and the
Twelfth¡°Five-Year¡±Period shall both tend to be in the decrease in contrast with
that of their respective preceding five years.
(2)Requirements
A. Searching for oncomelania
During the Tenth¡°Five-Year¡±Plan Period, the activity of searching for
oncomelania arranged in the¡°Tenth¡®Five-Year¡¯Plan of Shanghai Municipality for
the prevention of snail fever shall continue to be completed;
During the Eleventh¡°Five-Year¡±Period and the Twelfth¡°Five-Year¡±Period, the
work of searching for oncomelania shall be arranged in the towns that were
schistosomiasis-epidemic and the towns where it was thereafter discovered to
have oncomelanias but no schistosomiasis in the whole Municipality. In
particular, the search for oncomelania shall be conducted every year in the
towns that have no oncomelania for less than five years; the search for
oncomelania shall be conducted every other year in the towns that have no
oncomelania for 5-10 years; the search for oncomelania shall be conducted for a
year in the towns that have no oncomelania for more than 10 years. Every
district shall determine the scope for searching for oncomelania of a town in
its administrative area according to the specific circumstances of the town.
The search for oncomelania in the non-schistosomiasis-epidemic towns in a
district that was schistosomiasis-epidemic shall in principle be arranged once
every five years.
In the units that were directly led by the Municipal People¡¯s Government and
Chongming County that is not schistosomiasis-epidemic, the activity of
monitoring and searching for oncomelania shall be arranged once every five years
respectively by this Municipality and Chongming County.
The activity of searching for oncomelania in an intensified manner shall be
organized by this Municipality once every five years for the key
oncomelania-existing areas.
B. Eliminating oncomelanias
Eliminating oncomelanias, if conducted in the area where oncomelania is found
to be bred, shall be performed strictly in the light of the technological norms
set in the¡°Handbook for Preventing and Curing Schistosomiasis¡±. Efforts shall be
made to realize that oncomelanias in common oncomelania-existing points are to
be eliminated in the very year when they are found; oncomelanias in fairly big
oncomelania-existing areas are to be controlled in the year when they are found.
At the same time, focus shall be laid on the realization of¡°Three Eliminates¡±:
Elimination of oncomelanias at source---completely changing oncomelania
breeding environment in conjunction with the projects of river courses and
farmland irrigation and water conservancy;
Elimination of oncomelanias by medicine in combination with soil-burying---as
to the oncomelanias in the river banks, ditches and low-lying lands, if
possible, adopting the measures of building dykes to oncomelania-breeding belt,
creating new river banks/ditches/low-lying lands and leveling up the old ones,
and burying with soil, while adopting the measure of eliminating oncomelanias
with medicine.
Repeated elimination of oncomelanias--- repeated search for and repeated
elimination of oncomelanias at every oncomelania-existing point.
Where serious oncomelania situation is found, and the situation has reached
the norm for starting first-grade emergency handling predetermined scheme for
unexpected outbreak of schistosomiasis epidemic situation, the elimination of
oncomelanias shall be performed according to the requirements of first-grade
emergency handling requirements.
2.The spread of schistosomiasis brought about by the external contagious
source shall be resolutely prevented.
(1)Tasks
On the basis of doing well in the pilot work at the end of the
Tenth¡°Five-Year¡±Period, from the Eleventh¡°Five-Year¡±Period on, priority shall be
given to doing well in testing and determining the schistosomiasis of the
persons entering Shanghai from oncomelanias-existing villages and the floating
persons leaving the schistosomiasis-epidemic areas in the same year, with the
test-receiving rate reaching more than 80%. At the same time, the
more-than-seven-year-old person groups of villager squads of
oncomelanias-existing villages in the same year shall all go through the check
to monitor schistosomiasis, and in the same year 100 pupils shall be selected
from the oncomelanias-existing towns to go through the check to monitor
schistosomiasis in the same year. The found-out schistosomiasis-infected
patients shall be given treatment and tracking-treatment management to strictly
prevent the spread of schistosomiasis therefrom.
(2)Requirements
A. The test and determination of schistosomiasis shall continue to be
launched in the urban and rural areas in an all-round manner on the floating
persons that come from the schistosomiasis-epidemic areas and this
Municipality¡¯s persons that have left for the schistosomiasis-epidemic areas and
come back to Shanghai, the epidemic source possibly brought into Shanghai shall
try to be early found, early reported, and early managed.
B.Priority shall be given to strengthening the test and determination of the
schistosomiasis of the persons entering Shanghai from oncomelanias-existing
villages and the floating persons going to schistosomiasis-epidemic areas in the
same year, with the test-receiving rate reaching more than 80%.
C.Timely treatment shall be given to the schistosomiasis-infected patients
found from the floating persons, epidemiological investigation shall be well
done, and the work of searching for oncomelanias shall be launched in the
environment surrounding patients¡¯residence such as rivers, ditches and so on. At
the same time, the follow-up management work shall be well done on patients
according to the requirements of tracking management on patients, including
rechecking patients¡¯treatment result, managing patients¡¯faeces and tracing and
checking patients¡¯schistosomiasis after the patients continue to have contact
with the schistosomiasis-epidemic areas, etc.
D. The awareness of preventing schistosomiasis and capability of diagnosing
and monitoring schistosomiasis of the hospitals at all levels of both the
Municipality and districts shall be strengthened to strictly prevent
schistosomiasis from not being untreated or from being misdiagnosed.
(3) More efforts shall be made to control the spread source by livestock.
According to the requirements on monitoring and checking schistosomiasis of
the person groups of oncomelanias-existing areas, synchronized monitoring and
check of schistosomiasis shall be performed on the livestock such as cattle,
sheep and so on; any cattle coming from the schistosomiasis-epidemic areas shall
go through the check of schistosomiasis, and once any cattle is found infected
with schistosomiasis, in addition to timely treatment and handling, a careful
epidemiological investigation and tight comprehensive control shall be launched.
3.The management on drinking water and faeces in the rural areas shall be
strengthened.
(1) Tasks
A.The tap water popularization rate in rural areas shall reach more than
99.99%, and safety and sanitation shall be ensured in water supply.
B.Peasant -household toilets that meet the standard requirements shall reach
more than 92.6%, and management on the decontamination of
peasant-households¡¯faeces shall be strengthened.
C.The management on the decontamination of the faeces of the out-of-town
floating population living in the rented houses in the suburban rural areas
shall be carried out, on the basis of the plot work in the Tenth¡°Five-Year¡±Plan
Period, efforts shall be made to have the management coverage rate reach more
than 60% by the end of the Eleventh¡°Five-Year¡±Period (the year 2010), and more
than 90% by the end of the Twelfth¡°Five-Year¡±Period (the year 2015).
D.Since the Eleventh¡°Five-Year¡±Period (the year 2006), the management rate of
decontaminating the faeces of the peasant households in the towns where
oncomelanias are found in the same year and the management rate of
decontaminating the faeces of out-of-town floating population shall both reach
more than 95%.
(2)Requirements
A.At the end of the Tenth¡°Five-Year¡±Plan Period and in the respective five
years of the Eleventh¡°Five-Year¡±Period and the Twelfth¡°Five-Year¡±Period, the
related municipal departments shall organize an overall inspection over the
situation of the safe and sanitary water supply of the tap water in the rural
areas and the management situation of decontaminating the faeces of peasant
households, and timely rectification shall be conducted on any problem found.
B. In any town where oncomelanias are found in the same year, the competent
administrative departments of the district/county where the town is located
shall conduct an inspection on the management of the water use and faeces of the
peasants¡¯households, and conduct rectification when any problem is found.
C.The municipal and district/county competent administrative departments
shall draw up a set of management measures for the management of the faeces of
the out-of-town floating population living in the rented houses in the rural
areas, strive to put the measures into implementation at the end of the
Tenth¡°Five-Year¡±Period, and launch regular supervision on the implementation.
4.The health education on the prevention of snail fever shall be strengthened
to form a good situation of mass prevention and mass control of schistosomiasis.
On the basis of doing a good job of the pilot work at the end of the
Tenth¡°Five-Year¡±Period, by the end of the Eleventh¡°Five-Year¡±Period, the rate to
have knowledge of the prevention of snail fever and the rate to form the correct
conduct among the middle school and primary school students and rural residents
in the original schistosomiasis-epidemic areas shall reach respectively more
than 90% and more than 80%; by the end of the Twelfth¡°Five-Year¡±Period, they
shall respectively reach more than 95% and more than 90%.
5.Joint force in the prevention and control of schistosomiasis shall be
strengthened to realize in an all-round way the¡°Scheme for the Joint Prevention
and Joint Control of Schistomiasis in Guangdong, Shanghai, Fujian, Guangxi and
Zhejiang¡±and the work plan for the joint prevention of snail fever in Jiangsu,
Zhejiang and Shanghai.
By the year 2015, it shall have been ensured that there shall be no epidemic
situation of internal-source schistosomiasis in the areas bordering this
Municipality and Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces.
IV Safeguard systems
1. Strengthening leadership of governments and ensuring the performance of
the duties of governments
The Municipal People¡¯s Government shall, in the Municipal Joint Conference of
Public Health, set up a special committee for the prevention and cure of
schistosomiasis to coordinate in a unified manner the whole Municipality¡¯s work
of preventing and curing schistosomiasis. All relevant district governments
shall set up corresponding leadership systems for the prevention of snail fever,
incorporate the prevention of snail fever into the overall planning for the
economic and social development of their own region, tightly combine the
prevention of snail fever with the construction of public health, coordinate the
solution of the major problems in the prevention of snail fever, study and draw
up the policy and measures for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis,
and provide careful arrangement and resolute implementation.
2.Strengthening the duties of departments and ensuring the performance of
duties
The departments of public health, agriculture, water affairs, environmental
sanitation, education, scientific research, propaganda, civil affairs, labor,
medical insurance, pubic security, finance and development and reform shall
conscientiously perform their respective duties and tasks they are committed to,
draw up the specific work plan of their own departments, and organize the
implementation actively. The Office of the Municipal Patriotic Health Campaign
Committee and the Offices of the patriotic health campaign committees of
relevant districts shall do well in the daily work concerning the prevention of
snail fever, organize and implement the work plan for the prevention of snail
fever, strengthen the coordination and communication between member units, and
strengthen the direction and supervision and inspection on the work of the
prevention of snail fever.
3.Putting more input and ensuring the funds for the prevention of snail fever
According to the spirit of Document No. 59 (GO SC[2004]), the funds for the
work of the prevention of snail fever shall be listed into the finance budget in
the principle that they are borne by the Municipal People¡¯s Government and
relevant district governments on a graded basis. The funds for the medicine for
the treatment of schistosomiasis and the funds for the elimination of
oncomelanias shall be borne by the municipal finance; the funds borne by the
poor districts for the emergency handling of major epidemic situation of
schistosomiasis, major cross-region oncomelania-elimination projects(including
the oncomelania-elimination work of the units under the direct leadership of the
Municipal People¡¯s Government in other provinces and municipalities) and the
joint prevention and control of schistosomiasis between provinces and
municipalities shall be appropriately subsidized by means of special transfer of
payment of the municipal finance.
4.Sticking to the system of¡°launching survey in spring and convening meeting
in autumn¡±and facilitating the accomplishment of the planned tasks
According to the spirit of the¡°National Systems for Launching check in Spring
and Convening Meeting on the Prevention of Snail Fever¡±and the¡°Systems for
Making Work Report by the Member Units of the Leading Group of the State Council
on the Prevention of Snail Fever¡±drawn up by the Leading Group of the State
Council for the Prevention of Snail Fever, the Municipal Joint Conference of
Public Health and its Special Committee for the Prevention and Control of
Schistosomiasis shall every year grab the good chance in spring, organize the
member units to launch supervision, direction and inspection on the performance
of the prevention and control of schistosomiasis and the accomplishment thereof
by relevant districts, summarize and spread the experience, and put forward the
suggestions on improvement in the light of weak links; and at the end of each
year, call the Municipal Conference of the Prevention of Snail Fever to
summarize the whole Municipality¡¯s progress about the yearly work of the
prevention and cure of schistosomiasis and the accomplishment of tasks, research
and solve the major problems arising in work, and arrange the work tasks for the
new year.
5.Pushing forward with the building of professional contingent and improving
the result of the prevention and cure of schistosomiasis
The relevant Municipal and District Disease Prevention and Control Centres
shall separately set up the Section for the Prevention and Cure of
Schistosomiasis and provide corresponding professionals, establish a
prevention-of-snail-fever contingent that is qualified for providing technical
direction for the prevention and cure of schistosomiasis, and is able to timely
dealt with the major epidemic situation of schistosomiasis, and steadily improve
the professional and technical level of the prevention of snail fever
professionals. All the community public health service centres of the original
schistosomiasis-epidemic towns shall have 1-2 prevention-of-snail-fever
professionals, who shall be responsible for the professional direction for
monitoring the situation of schistosomiasis and oncomelanias at the grass-roots
level. The building of relevant facilities shall be arranged in a unified
manner, appliances and equipment shall be improved, and the result for the
prevention and cure of schistosomiasis shall be promoted. The medical personnel
of medical agencies at all levels shall be organized to go through the training
on the diagnosis, check and cure of schistosomiasis to raise their diagnosing
and curing level. In this Municipality and all districts/counties, a
comprehensive hospital shall be respectively designated to be the unit for
receiving and treating schistosomiasis-infected patients.
V.Supervision and inspection, check and appraisal
All relevant district governments and all relevant departments shall,
according to the requirements of this Planning, draw up specific implementation
plans, set up target-management responsibility system concerning the work of the
prevention of snail fever, and adopt work-report system and system for checking
and appraising the performance of planned targets. At the Municipal Conference
on the Work of the Prevention of Snail Fever at the end of each year, all
relevant districts and all relevant departments shall separately make work
reports on the performance and the accomplishment of the work of the prevention
of snail fever of their own areas and departments. The Office of the Municipal
Patriotic Health Campaign Committee and the offices of the patriotic health
campaign committees of relevant districts shall organize regular supervision and
inspection activities to promote the conduct of the work of the prevention of
snail fever.
According to the arrangement of the Leading Group of the State Council for
the Prevention of Snail Fever that medium-term appraisal and final appraisal
shall be conducted on the implementation of the National Medium-and-long-term
Planning for Preventing and Controlling Schistosomiasis respectively in the year
2008 and the year 2015, medium-term and final appraisal shall be conducted in
this Municipality on the implementation of this Planning respectively in the
year 2008 and the year 2015. The specific scheme shall be separately drawn
up. |
