(I) Development and Management Target of the 10th "5-year Plan"
The development target of environmental sanitation in the 10th "5-year Plan" is: focusing on the sustainable economic and social development of Shanghai in the 21st Century, implement the management of environmental sanitation in the way of "whole industry, full coverage and entire process", standardize the management architecture of environmental sanitation, and strengthen the source management, systematic management and log-term management of the solid waste; put emphasis on the constructions of 4 main environments including the main sightseeing central area, the living area, the water environment, and the rural environment; focus on the environmental sanitation clean and transportation, and handle 5 main constructions including the infrastructure construction, the public toilet construction, the scientific construction, the legal system construction and the environmental sanitation team construction; realize the popularities of the classified collection and the recycling utilization; convert the garbage handling from the methods of burying, biochemistry or burning to the multiple and comprehensive processing technologies, and convert the environmental sanitation business from the way of national controlled to society and market based, and make efforts to improve the environmental sanitation in Shanghai to the national top line and adaptable to the standard of international metropolis.
The specific development target is:
Strengthen the management of living garbage source, promote the classified and in-bag collection of the resident living garbage, the business or institution garbage, increase the garbage classified collection rate gradually to ensure that 90% of the downtown areas are served with the classified collection of living garbage; build and improve the living garbage collection system in the suburb counties (districts).
Reinforce and improve the coverage and mechanization of road clean and sanitation. At the end of the 10th "5-year Plan", the service of road clean and sanitation will cover the whole city, and the top-class clean and sanitation range of urban roads shall be 40% of the total length of urban roads or above; the mechanization rate of urban road clean shall reach 60% or above, including: the top-class or Class-1 roads shall be basically served with high-pressure washing; the clean mechanization of urban roads of Class-2 or Class-3 shall be as much as 20%.
Reinforce the reform of, improve the level of environmental sanitation equipment management, and realize full-dimensional management to the equipment specialized for environmental sanitation.
Reinforce the dejecta management, accelerate the implementation of "dejecta into pipelines", and include the urban dejecta or sewage into the common processing of urban sewage system.
Go on with the opening of public toilet, and put emphasis on increasing the level of comfortable and clean public toilet on the basis of the construction layout regulation of environmental sanitation public toilet.
The whole process of downtown living garbage transfer and transportation shall be mechanized and turn to accommodate the classified processing; the construction of the transfer and transportation facilities shall match the general layout of garbage processing; launched by the comprehensive renovation of Suzhou River, convert the transportation from water-oriented to parallel development of water and land. The living garbage collection in the suburb counties (districts) and towns shall be mechanized basically in the way of closed transfer and transportation.
On the basis of the well-configured living garbage processing system that is primarily built on the integration of recycling, burying, biochemistry, burning and comprehensive handling, the depollution handling rate of living garbage within the outer circle shall be as much as 100%; the recycling and resource utilization rate shall reach 38%. The promotion of biochemical processing to hogwash-typed garbage shall be well resolved in downtown area.
The depollution handling rate of living garbage of suburb counties (districts) shall be as much as 70% or above, the depollution handling rate of living garbage of towns shall be reach 30% or above, the living garbage processing rate of administrative village shall be 90%, and the comprehensive utilization rate of organic garbage shall reach 35%.
Insist on the strategy of "Develop the environment via science and education", pour more investment on the research of environmental sanitation, aim at the resource conversion, develop the technologies of garbage regeneration and comprehensive utilization technology, and accelerate the foreign technical introduction and the localization research of the specialized equipment for environmental sanitation; establish the advanced and systematic research management mode, and the research and information application level of environmental sanitation shall reach the national top level; intensify the study of the technologies and policies about environmental sanitation, and accelerate the translation of scientific fruit.
Strengthen the management of environmental sanitation in the conjunctions between urban and rural parts as well as the counties, establish the management networks with 3 levels of city, district and street, and develop the business of environmental sanitation in Shanghai according to the requirement of "integration of urban and rural parts"; insist on the legal management, improve and perfect the legal system of urban environmental sanitation.
Insist on the principle of separating the government, the institution and the enterprise and dividing the management and operation, intensify the management function of environmental sanitation, and make the environmental sanitation more market operated. Build the complete investing, financing and pricing system for environmental sanitation, and promote the industry development of environmental sanitation under the preconditions of government support, poly-finance, policy regulation and market operation.

(II) Main Construction and Management Tasks of the 10th "5-year Plan"
1. Management of Urban Environmental Sanitation
1) Management system
According to the requirement of "2-level government, and 3-level management" and "3-level government, and 3-level management", implement the management of environmental sanitation in the way of "whole industry, full coverage and entire process", accomplish the environmental sanitation management system featured with "separation of government and institution, division of management and operation, leveled management, standardized and orderly", and promote the socialization of environmental sanitation management by multiple means of the law, the administration, the economy and the public voice.
Convert the government function, accelerate the division of management and operation, make the environmental sanitation more operated, and convert the work style of management authority from the operation management to the management of operation service market.
2) Strengthen the social management of environmental sanitation, and improve the environmental sanitation quality remarkably
●Strengthen the management of road environmental sanitation
According to the requirement of "full coverage, whole process", implement the road sanitation measures, expand the sanitation coverage of top-class or class-1 roads to 40% of all urban roads, and keep improving the road sanitation quality.
●Strengthen the environmental sanitation management of charged street, road and door
Harmonize the management system, define the management responsibility, perfect the management system, intensify the promotion of environmental sanitation, implement the sanitation service, and promote the ways such as the "door responsible" assistant and the joint-guarantee, in order to further improve the "door responsible" management effect. By 2005, increase the "door responsible" qualification rate of main roads up to 98% or above, the "door responsible" qualification rate of normal roads up to 98% or above, and the "door responsible" qualification rate in suburb counties (districts) up to 92% or above.
●Strengthen the environmental sanitation management of bazaar
All kinds of bazaars and food markets shall be under standardized management with unified escutcheons; all kinds of environmental sanitation facilities shall be complete, intact, and clean; t
●Strengthen the environmental sanitation management of transportation distributing center
In the environmental sanitation responsible area of the transportation distributing centers such as the urban bus terminals, the long-distance coach station, the railway station, the ferry dock, the airport, the metro station or the overhead track station, he sanitation system shall be complete and robust, the environment shall be clean, and the environmental sanitation facilities shall be complete, standardized, and intact.
●Strengthen the management of earth dregs
Fully implement "Management Regulations of Earth Dregs". Build and perfect the computer information management system in Shanghai, control the building earth dregs from the generation to the final processing in order to balance the inwards and outwards volume as well as reduce the piles, and combine the processing of earth dreg with the sightseeing piling, the farmland building via filling the water and the vegetative construction, in order to realize the comprehensive utilization to maximal extend.
Strengthen the handling of earth dregs, and clean up all the left dreg piles with the outer circle.
By completing the monitoring networks, improving the rapid response capability, strengthen the management, and executing the regulations strictly, the disorder piling and dumping of earth dregs are effectively controlled and the environmental sanitation image are improved remarkably.
●Strengthen the management of motor vehicle clean and sanitation
Insist on the principle of "both dredge and block, based on actual situation, introduce the seller to market, and simple the effective", the vehicle washing without certificate is effectively handled that it's disappeared in downtown and the areas within the outer circle.
Further modify and perfect the management regulations of motor vehicle clean and sanitation, make it well law-based and regulation-directed in Shanghai, and establish the city and district (county) management networks, service networks, and monitoring networks.
Foster and standardize the vehicle washing market, set the action rules and industry standards for vehicle washing business, and build the civilized, standardized and impartial market system.
●grassland
The sanitation of grassland shall be charged by dedicated person, the vegetative area shall be of no garbage in air, and the big grassland shall be equipped with the waste vessel.
●Strengthen the environmental sanitation management of construction site
All kinds of construction site shall be included in the range of environmental sanitation management.
●Strengthen the environmental sanitation management of residential community
All the residential communities shall be with clean streets or roads, the garbage house shall be under dedicated management, and there shall be no piling garbage.
The decoration garbage and the big-sized garbage shall be dumped at the specialized site and shall be cleaned at certain time.
Combined with the community work, carry out the environmental sanitation promotion and education according to the requirement.
●Strengthen the environmental sanitation management of water area
The surface of water areas within the downtown sections of Suzhou River and Huangpu River shall be kept clean, and there shall be no waste in water basically. The upstream water area shall be under the charge of the belonged district or county to keep the water surface clean.
Build and improve the evaluation system that integrates the superior authority, the professional management authority and the citizens.
Build the effective management system that integrates the professional management with the responsibility of governments and related authorities of all levels.
Define the responsibility of professional teams to monitor ad manage by section, and the liability of the riverside units and communities. Further perfect the environmental sanitation management system to the city and district (county) water areas, complete the district or county water environmental sanitation management authorities, and fully carry out the 2-level management responsibility system to improve the industry management.
●Strengthen the environmental sanitation management of vehicles and ships
Perfect the tidiness standard of vehicles and ships, implement the sanitation system of vehicles and ships, and the dirty vehicles are not allowed to go to street. All the motor vehicles shall be clean with the body, the wheel and even the chassis. All the environmental sanitation operation ships shall be clean and the sanitation tools shall be well placed.
3) Strengthen the industry management of environmental sanitation, and make remarkable progress in terms of regularization and standardization
●Strengthen the industry fundamental management
Implement the laws of environmental sanitation carefully, and include all the units and individuals engaged in environmental sanitation operation and service in Shanghai into the track of industry management.
Include all the institutions, personages, tasks, facilities and equipment, and work quality into the statistic coverage, and guarantee them to be accurate, timely and standardized.
Improve the quality management, make full use of the environmental sanitation association and the agencies, and build strict and standardized quality approval and management networks to create conditions for the multiple and market basis of the principle part of environmental sanitation operation.
According to the requirements of society management and industry management of environmental sanitation, revise and improve timely the operation, the service rules and the facility or equipment standard of environmental sanitation business.
●Make the industry schedule
All levels of environmental sanitation management authorities shall make the professional schedule of environmental sanitation for the belonged district according to the professional schedule of the superior environmental sanitation authorities, the district general schedule and the professional schedule of the related industries, which will direct the future development of environmental sanitation and define the procedures,
●Keep and improve the reform of operation style
Execute the government functions, implement the macro management, carry out the schedule, direction, coordination and supervision to the environmental sanitation work in Shanghai, encourage the collectivities and individuals to open the environmental sanitation service business, and improve the service quality in the competition.
Go on with the intensification of management force to the "4 clean" work types of environmental sanitation, and lead the standardized serving target to depth.
Reform the way to collect the living garbage, and increase the close collection rate of residential living garbage to 80%. Replace the collection with living garbage dumping cabinet with the way with compact compressing station.
Consolidate and improve the "4 open" of public toilet management as well as the "4 fixed" system for the garbage transportation. Promote the commitment system to the society, carry out high-quality service, and accept the social supervision.
Fully carry out the "market-oriented" reform in order to introduce the environmental sanitation operation service to the market in a standardized and orderly way, and provide the society with high-quality service via open, impartial and fair competition.
●Complete the industry supervision system
Reinforce the fruit of setting industry standard and launching industry evaluation, work out the regulations and rules, publicize the handling procedures, make full use of the "Industry ethos" supervisors, carry out well the work of "include", and build the normal and standardized work procedure.
Strengthen the construction of "Complaint hotline for environmental sanitation" and "110 environmental sanitation joint networks", complete the networks, and perfect the system to make it the window for the environmental sanitation to communicate with the society. Intensify the supervision of law execution, and bring the law-based administration to a new stage.
Build and complete the social evaluation system of environmental sanitation, unblock the social supervision channels, insist on the citizen evaluation system, intensify the social supervision force, and keep improving the capability and the quality of work.
4) Strengthen the management of living garbage, and make remarkable effects in terms of minimization.
●Strengthen the policy study on recycling and utilization of living garbage, and promote the minimization, resource utilization and depollution of living garbage.
●Focused on the policy orientation, choose the implementation of living garbage processing charge as the breakthrough point, and set the principle of "The pollution generator pays" to urge all industries and the social population to care and participate the reduction of garbage generation by binding their interests with the implementation of charge policy, so as to decrease the growth of living garbage.
●Strengthen the management of classified collection, and fully implement "Shanghai Municipal Procedures of Classified Collection and Processing of Living Garbage"; build and complete the junk purchasing system that is featured with standardized service, unified standard, wide coverage and good operation; accelerate the construction of supporting facilities for the classified collection of living garbage, and build gradually the classified collection, classified transportation and classified processing system for living garbage; by 2005, 90% of the downtown areas shall be served with the classified collection of living garbage.
●As to the hogwash garbage, strengthen the source control, and encourage the pollution minimization and paid processing, the centralized individual collection, and the biochemical processing. The hotels or other units with proper conditions can handle the biochemical processing and fertilization by themselves.
●Separate the poison or harmful garbage by the classified collection, then transfer the garbage to the sorting station, and perform the individual processing in the way of burning or safety burying after the sorting.
●As to the management of one-off plastic canteen and other plastic wastes, process them in the way of controlling the source, prohibiting gradually, and encouraging substitution. Build the system of registering the production or sales units and submitting the recycling charge, and gradually promote and utilize the new products made by new materials that are environment-benign.
●According to the principle of "Industry-oriented development, market-based operation, and socialized participation", develop and promote the resource utilization technology for living garbage.
●In the collection, transportation, transferring and processing nodes of living garbage, build and launch the weighing meter to computer the reduction of living garbage accurately and build solid base for scientific management.
2. Facilities and Equipment of Environmental Sanitation
1) Facilities used to collect, transfer or process the garbage
●Insist on the sustainable development, and promote the classified collection and resource utilization procedures of urban living garbage in order, in order to find the new way of living garbage minimization, resource utilization and depollution in the huge-sized cities.
●Build gradually the classified collection, classified transportation and classified processing systems for urban living garbage, perfect the garbage collection system, and build the 400 compact compressing garbage collection stations that are relatively concentrated.
●Build, complete and perfect the multi-channel recycling system for the usable materials, and increase recycling and comprehensive utilization rate of the usable materials; carry out the specialized classified recycling of organic garbage proactively, promote popularly the utilization of organic composite fertilizer and organic fertilizer in urban vegetative construction and agricultural plantation, and combine it with the construction of eco-city and eco-agriculture in order to increase the comprehensive utilization rate of organic garbage in downtown gradually.
●In the specialized recycling areas of organic garbage, the residential areas, particularly the bazaar, the hotel or the restaurant, make efforts to promote the middle or small sized biochemical processor for organic garbage, and destroy the garbage on the spot. During the course of the 10th "5-year Plan", accomplish the allocation of organic garbage biochemical processor in downtown area.
●Concentrated on the garbage poly-processing target that integrates the comprehensive processing in the way of biochemical, burning and burying converted from the original individual garbage burying in Shanghai, build the garbage processing facilities adaptable to the garbage processing volume, and establish primarily the living garbage processing system that integrates the rational allocation of multiple processing ways of recycling and utilization, burying, burning and comprehensive processing.
Corresponding to the construction of burning plant, build 6 living garbage compression and transfer stations (3 in Puxi, and 3 in Pudong). After transferring, the living garbage of Huangpu, Jing'an, Zhabai (Zhaibai part) and Pudong will be transported to the burning plant by land transportation. The living garbage transportation will convert from water-oriented to parallel development of water and land. The detailed plan is:
1) Build 3 garbage burning plants (Jiangqiao, Yuqiao and Minhang);
2) Build 3 comprehensive living garbage plants (Gaojing, Tiandu and Sanlin);
3) Accomplish 3 living garbage sorting centers (BaiTangqiao Zhongshi, Tiandu and Sanlin Fujian);
4) Expand the 4th term project of Laogang Processing Plant, with the daily burying volume: 375 tons;
5) Build 2 big-sized garbage plants (BaiTangqiao, Longshui Rd.);
6) Build the YunZaobang garbage loading / unloading dock, part of the garbage from Zhabai, Baoshan and Hongkou District shall be transported by water to Laogang for processing.
Refer to Table 7 for detailed contents.
According to the above-mentioned schedule, the garbage processing facilities in Shanghai at the end the 10th of "5-year Plan" include:
3 garbage burning plants: designed processing capability of 3000t/d, 32.1% of the total processing capability;
3 comprehensive living garbage (sorting) plants: designed processing capability of 2300t/d, 24.6% of the total processing capability;
1 burying farm of living garbage: processing capability of 3750t/d, 35.8% of the total processing capability;
Recycling after the implementation of minimization: 700 t/d, 7.5% of the total processing capability.
The designed total processing capability of all kinds of processing facilities is 9750t/d, the living garbage generation in Shanghai downtown in 2005 will be 9350 t/d (other 400 t/d of out-of-plan living garbage shall enter the urban processing system from Minhang), and the depollution processing rate of the living garbage within the outer circle shall be 95% or above.
2) Dejecta processing facility
Recently, make use of the pollution-containing capability of the confluence sewage, and take the dejecta pre-processing plant as the main measure applied in the transit stage, in order to introduce the urban dejecta into the confluence pipelines after the pre-processing.
It's planed to build 6 Dejecta Pre-process Plants (PenYuepu, Changning, Putuo, Pudong, north-east Shanghai, and south Shanghai), which shall basically provide solution of dejecta to most urban parts.
The urban dejecta shall be collected by pipelines gradually, and shall be included into the yrab sewage pollution system for common processing. During to course of the 10th "5-year Plan", the cesspool shall be cancelled, and the dejecta pre-processing facility shall be built to facilitate the goal of "dejecta into pipelines", and improve the rate of "dejecta into pipelines" greatly.
3) Public Sanitation Facility
Complete the comprehensive service functions of public toilet, providing the best-class service to the users; adjust the layout of public toilet rationally, and increase the level of public toilet; follow the international conventions gradually, encourage the units to open their in-house toilets to public, and intensify the standardized management; the public toilet shall be built according to "Plan and Design Standard of Urban Public Toilet Plan and Design Standard" (DB/TJ-401-99).
4) Preparation of environmental sanitation equipment
●According to the requirement of garbage classified collection and transportation, realize the mechanization and close of living garbage collection, transferring and transportation. The rear-loading compression garbage truck, the classified collection garbage truck, and the container arm-pulled garbage truck used for the small-sized collection and compression station shall be applied as the collection vehicle, and the big-sized compression or container-typed garbage transferring trucks are applied as the transferring and transportation vehicles.
●The mechanized equipment combination shall be used for the road cleaning and washing. The road cleaner with the main functions of spray, intake and sweep shall be applied to the road cleaning, the high-pressure washer featured with high voltage and small flow shall be applied to the road washing, and the closed road garbage collector shall be equipped.
●Keep the water transportation capability as 30000 tons, with the structure of: 22000 tons for garbage transportation, and 8000 tons for dejecta transportation.
The living garbage transportation is developing toward the combination of barge dragger and motor barge. As to the garbage vehicle, 80% shall be of the closed compression type, and the rest 20% shall be of the classified collection special garbage vehicle type. Refer to Table 8 for the new-bought and renewed vehicles dedicated for environmental sanitation.
3. Suburb county (district) environmental sanitation management
1) Complete the environmental sanitation management system for the suburb county (district) and the street (village), in order to form "3-level government, and 3-level management".
2) Build and complete the suburb county (district) living garbage collection and processing systems, set the living garbage collection facility in the scientific, rational and standardized way and according to different levels, select the living garbage collection way according to the real situation, allocate the mechanized and close equipment for living garbage transferring and transportation step by step, and realize the living garbage classified collection and the processing of minimization, resource utilization and depollution.
●Living garbage collection
Set the small-sized compression and collection station for living garbage in the county residential communities, set the closed garbage cabinet in the old town zones, and carry out the living garbage classified collection in the regions with proper condition.
The living garbage collection shall be cleaned everyday in towns, the closed garbage cabinet and bag-typed collection shall be applied in the new residential communities, ant the small-sized compression and collection station for living garbage shall be set in the regions with proper condition; promote the classified collection step by step.
As to the living garbage collection in the administrative villages, the garbage cabinet and the farmer house garbage bin shall be equipped in the unit of villager team, in order to provide the close collection or self-dumping garbage cabinet to the farmer houses.
●Living garbage transferring and transportation
As to the county, fully carry out the mechanized and closed transportation, in order to prevent the living garbage from flying off during transportation and polluting the environment.
As to the towns, basically realize the mechanized and closed transportation, and basically eliminate the tractor transportation.
As to the administrative village, carry out the manpower transportation, and realize the mechanized and closed transportation in proper case.
●Living garbage processing
The living garbage in the urban part and some rural part of Pudong district, Minhang district and Baoshan district shall be basically included into the urban garbage processing system, and the rural living garbage shall be concentrated burying and piling as fertilization in the unit of village.
The living garbage in the county (district) located near the urban garbage processing farm shall be included into the urban processing system in the principle of "overall plan, and process nearby" (Nanhui county shall be included into the Laogang processing system, the regions belonged to Jiading and near Jiaoqiao Burning Plant shall be included into Jiaoqiao Burning Plant).
As to the rest suburb county (district), the county (district) living garbage processing system shall be built in the unit of county (district) and based on the town construction plan. It's planed to build a composite processing farm of living garbage in each county (district) in the unified way, with the daily processing capability of 500 to 800 tons of living garbage, which will provide the processing of suburb county (district) living garbage in the way of standardization and depollution.
Part of the towns located or distributed at remote areas shall be rebuilt recently or be kept with the living garbage processing farm in order to settle the garbage in field. After fitted with the transferring or transportation facility and equipment, the living garbage shall be included into the composite processing farm for common processing.
As to the living garbage of administrative village, set the small-sized processing farm in the unit of village, or, after the classification of living garbage, bury the organic garbage on the spot to make them ferment to earth, and recycle the inorganic garbage to fill billabong or pave road. The village with no condition to handle the living garbage shall be included into the nearby county (district) living garbage processing farm for handling.
The handling of suburb county (district) living garbage can be done in proper mode according to the real situation of the county (district). The sanitation burying and composite utilization technologies are normally used in the case of newly built garbage processing farm, in order to encourage the resource recycling and utilization as well as advocate the fertilization and vegetation construction by living garbage. The organic garbage in administrative county shall centrally buried or piled for fertilization in the unit of village, and the other garbage shall be recycled to fill billabong or pave road, or shall be included into the county (district) living garbage processing system for processing.
Meanwhile, build 203 small-sized compression and collection stations of living garbage as the supporting facilities (set by town or village).